From valorising manure to fine-tuning fertilisation timing, Spain’s agricultural sector is working to improve soil health while reducing environmental harm. In this interview, Clara Fullana from FCAC outlines the country’s biggest nutrient management challenges and the promising strategies being developed to address them.
What do you think are the key challenges in nutrient management within the farming sector in Spain?
In Spain, I find there are many challenges. Apart from reducing chemical fertiliser use, we need to also find a way to valorise manure as a fertiliser source, both through new technologies and new methods.
Other challenges involve better managing soil; either by avoiding soil and water pollution, or improving soil structure in vulnerable and nutrient-deficient areas. Finally, we need to find better ways to enhance the producer’s training in new practices and technologies, to make sure they are implemented.
How do technological advancements in agriculture contribute to Spains’s environmental sustainability? How do you think these advancements can help keep farming economically viable?
Both studying best agricultural practices and using innovative technologies allows people to apply nutrients to the soil with better control and efficiency. This also promotes more careful fertilisation and reduces its potential to pollute the environment.
For example, studying the needs of soils and crops allows us to determine the proper time to apply fertiliser, make sure its incorporated in crops, and avoid leachates. This improves resource efficiency and reduces costs.
Could you share an example of a specific innovation from your group and explain its impact on sustainable farming practices?
Both Operational Groups, Manure Management Tools and FERTICOOP analysed the soil and crops’ nutrition needs to make better decisions for the proper time to apply manure. This practice promotes greater yield and improves the efficiency of manure application. It is also more environmentally sustainable, as it prevents leachates and soil & water pollution.
What strategies in your view are effective in balancing the economic needs of farmers with environmental sustainability goals?
Today many agricultural innovations and practices are being developed to both protect the environment and to improve the economic sustainability of farms. While some advanced technologies still require high investment, many strategies offer affordable solutions with strong returns—mainly by lowering operational costs and supporting environmental goals. Examples include biogas plants and biorefineries.
What feedback have you received from farmers who have implemented new technologies or practices?
In general, farmers who decide to implement new technologies and agricultural practices are pleased with the results. This motivates them to continue innovating and to try new solutions. This doesn’t necessarily mean that they will implement every new technology, but they’ll have an open mind about research and innovations.
Did you learn anything new from your work in NUTRI-KNOW in your area of expertise?
Through the NUTRI-KNOW project, FCAC has gained valuable insights into how other countries approach soil nutrition. This includes learning about new technologies, different methodologies, and alternative farming practices. As a result, FCAC is now better equipped to explore tailored solutions for local agricultural challenges and to support farmers in adopting innovative and effective nutrient management strategies.